Fke utm lab. my or e-syed@utm.
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Fke utm lab. Jeevan Sirkunan as the Lab Academic Coordinator. (Cantab) Associate Professor Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai, Johor, MALAYSIA Room: P19A-05-02-12 Email: michael@utm. my UTM-Oppstar Satellite R&D Lab Visit by UTM delegation to Skyechip in Penang Donation of development boards & accessories by Starfive, DE10 Lite FPGA development board by Intel and T&L materials by Efinix Opening ceremony of Efinix-UTM Satellite Lab Print labsheet from lab website Each person must do pre-lab questions (questions inside the labsheet) and submit to the assistant engineer before lab session starts. Mar 14, 2025 · WELCOME TO THE THIRD YEAR LAB (SPECIALISED) SEEE / SEEM / SEEL 3742 Session: 20232024-2 ANNOUNCEMENT WELCOME TO 3RD YEAR SPECIALISED LAB. Power Electronics Laboratory (teaching lab) is located at Block P07-222-01, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Noor Syazwani Mansor Office : P06-IVAT Email : noor. The Power Electronics and Drives Research Group (PEDG) is a research group formed under the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. If the project uses breadboard / protoboard, the mark is deducted to 1 over 4 only. Special Third Year Laboratory for SEP Group 1 Group = 4-5 students Download available on MEP website Place a. Mohamad Rijal Bin Hamid as the Laboratory Academic Co-ordinator and Ass. Your report should follow the general guide by the Laboratory Coordinator such as abstract, introduction, methodologies etc. Find information about electrical engineering labs, schedules, rules, and downloadable materials at Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. I am also a member of the VLSI – embedded Computing Architecture Design (VeCAD) research updated MAY 2025 Guidelines: 1. Eng. In non-linear applications, op-amp works in switching mode which is obtained by a positive feedback or without feedback to the op-amp. Common Laboratories - SEEE 3732 (Semester I) Specialised Laboratories - SEEE / SEEL / SEEM 3742 (Semester II) The visit to Advance Microwave & Antenna Laboratory, P18, FKE UTM by Dr. iv) Hardcopy of pre-lab report (individual report) Please be in the laboratory 10 minutes early. The Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical-Mechatronics) with Honours (SKEMH) programme requires a total of 136 credits for graduation. This lab was constructed under CMED Department, FKE and currently supervised by Dr. fke. The experiment on Lift System in the lab will be replaced by PLC Simulator software (Open to any PLC simulator software proposed by students: you need to define in your proposal) Example of the simulator: In linear applications, op-amp works in amplifier mode which is obtained by a negative feedback to the op-amp. Please view fke website for lab group experiment time-table Part of the student assessment will include reporting of their weekly activities and the log book. Submit the Technical Report accordingly: Monday ECE is a result of the combination of Electronics Engineering and Microelectronics & Computer Engineering Department, which were merged in November 2012 as part of the restructuring of Faculty of Electrical Engineering. For the lab locations, you may refer to this list (click here). Aug 10, 2025 · Please follow the lab and experiment order based on your lab time table and experiment schedule for all groups and sections. This course is known as the Capstone Project, with the same course code: SEEE/L/M 4723. Students may find the list of laboratories and experiments involved in this site. This website provides you with lab schedule (schedule), division of students` groups (division groups), laboratory rules, experimental procedures and downloadable lab sheets Lab Assessment Rubrics Absence Forms IMPORTANT! SAFETY PASS 2nd Year Lab @ FKE UTM Course Information Course information for SKEE 2752 20252026-01is available on e-learning. . The Faculty in Brief WELCOME TO THE THIRD YEAR LAB (COMMON) SEEE 3732 Session: 20242025-1 SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT SKEE 3732 - Common Laboratories Common Third Year Laboratory (SKEE 3732) Coordinator : Dr. Please assign scores that Submit the hardcopy pre-lab report (individual report) to supervisor of the lab. The Faculty of Electrical Engineering (FKE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia offers the Bachelor of Electrical Engineering with Honours (SKEEH), Bachelor of Electronic Engineering with Honours (SKELH) and Bachelor of Biomedical Engineering with Honours (SKEBH) on part-time basis that focuses on producing well-balanced graduates in terms of acquiring Electrical, Electronics and Biomedical Copyright © 2025 | Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia The Digital Signal and Image Processing (DSIP) Research Group consist of researchers whose research interest are in signal processing and image processing. It also enables testing and troubleshooting, allowing engineers to identify and resolve performance issues directly. Nov 25, 2014 · Invitation is extended to all FKE 2nd and 3rd Year students to participate in Mini The Great Lab Workshop organized by Pusat Inovasi Mahasiswa (UTM CSI) in collaboration with the Collaborative 2ND YEAR - BASIC ELECTRONICS LAB 1380 1400_14so ISOO-ISSO 1700-1750 1800-1850 2000-2250 800-8 so SEEE2742 (01) DYA DR. Dec 26, 2024 · Lab Timetable Students can refer the lab group movement and interview timetable. PCB Laboratory, Level 1, P04 Printed Circuit Board (PCB) / donut board / strip board are essential for the capstone project since it is one of the rubric for the conceptual and final prototype presentations. All experiments in the laboratories are emphasized on design case for a given complex engineering problem or project. 3. Here are some facilities available: PCB Board (Free of SKEE 3742 - Specialised ThirdYearLab Report Submission SEEE 3732 - 3RD YEAR COMMON LAB SEEE 3742 - 3RD YEAR SPECIALISED LAB Report abuse Page details Jun 9, 2025 · Day 1 Highlights (10 June) 10:00 – 11:20 AM | Opening Ceremony officiated by YB Datuk Wilson Ugak Kumbong (Deputy Digital Minister of Malaysia) Launch of the UTM‑Huibo Digital Intelligence Lab Launch of “Robotics for All” UTM Robotics for All – RFA for All – RFA Buffet LUNCH provided (up to 100pax) 2:00pm – 5:00pm | Apr 6, 2025 · updated 6 APRIL 2025 Laboratories involved in the SKEE/SKEM/SKEL 3742 course are listed in the table below. Mohamad Fadli Bin Ghani as Academic Laboratory Coordinator and Mrs Siti Rohani Bt Samiron as the Assistant Engineer have been positioned to ensure the smoothness of the labs operations. This lab involved in third year lab ( 3rd year lab COMMON). Mohsen Khalily and Dr. For instance. Engineer, Mustiah binti Tuiman have been positioned to ensure the smoothness of the laboratory operations. Sophan Wahyudi b Nawawi as the Academic Laboratory Coordinator. In addition, the VeCAD group frequently collaborates with industry partners to ensure the research and teaching stay relevant with the latest technology trends and breakthroughs. The Capstone Project serves as a key requirement in your engineering program, recognized by the Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC). Non-linear operation occurs when the Home About Us Academic Programs Research & Development News Vacancies Alumni Quality Assurance Contact Us Info for research lab | Faculty of Electrical Engineering UTMresearch lab UTM Scholar Official PortalShowing 1 to 15 of 22 entries SKEE 2742 2nd Year Electronic Design Lab SKEE 3732 Common 3rd Year Lab SKEE 3742 Specialized 3rd Year Lab SKEL 4723 Makmal PBL Tahun 4/Capstone (ECE) SKEM 4723 Makmal PBL Tahun 4/Capstone (POWER) SKET 4723 Makmal PBL Tahun 4/Capstone (COMM) SKEP 4723 Makmal PBL Tahun 4/Capstone (CMED) Please select the list of experiments according to the course code. Assistant Engineer, Mrs. This course requires students to conduct twelve experiments in six different laboratories (Basic Power, Basic Machine, Basic Communication, Submit the hardcopy pre-lab report to supervisor of the lab. (d) What a group of lab students will do collectively (extract from http://3yearlab. : 013-4141742 List of laboratories: FKE UTM - SEAGATE STEM COMMUNITY PROGRAM 2023 FKE UTM - SEAGATE STEM COMMUNITY PROGRAM 2023 UTM MAKERSPACE 15 FEB 2023 Pengalaman kali pertama bg guru & murid Please select the student groupings according to the course code. Assistant Engineer has been positioned to ensure the smoothness of the lab`s operations. The fabrication process starts with designing and simulating the Please select the time table according to the course code. WELCOME TO THE THIRD YEAR LAB (COMMON) SKEE 3732 Session: 20252026-1 SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT SKEE 3732 - Common Laboratories Common Third Year Laboratory (SKEE 3732) Coordinator : Dr. Graduates from the Bachelor of Electronics Engineering with Honours may apply to to register with the Board of Engineers Malaysia, as graduate engineer in the engineering field as shown in table below. my Member of Computational and Nanoelectronics Research Group Computational Nanoelectronics Research Lab (P04-308) The complete design flow is shown in Figure 1 below: Figure 1: Complete IC Design Flow For prelab, you are required to go through the tasks for all four tools before coming to the in-lab session and submit the answers for all the questions in the first lab session. As for my involvement in the administration of the Faculty, I was the Head of Electronic Digital Lab (1999 – 2008), and then the Head of Postgraduate Department (2008 – 2012). Check your member code (M*) at Lab Group when evaluating your team member. We involve (but not limited to) in the following Explore the members of the VeCAD research group at UTM's Faculty of Electrical Engineering, specializing in VLSI and embedded computing architecture design. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Bahru. Assessment forms, templates and sample of technical report for Specialised Lab 3742 can be downloaded BELOW. The purpose of this web is to guide the student those taken the Bachelor Of Electrical Engineering Course (SEE) in preparing their experiment and as a reference before the lab sessions. NOR MAT SAFRI HMAD SHAHIDA ABDULLAH 1280 SUN MON TUES WED THURS SEEE2742 (02) DR. lab | Faculty of Electrical Engineering UTMlab Teaching Laboratory Research Laboratory General Services Laboratory Centres of Excellence Laboratory Please click here to access the lab group movement time table for all SKEE 2742 session 20202021-02 The Capstone Design Laboratory replaces the previous Project/Problem-Based Laboratory for all 4th Year students. Material Sience Lab Schedule 1st Week: Taklimat 2nd -13th Week: Experiment 14th Report Submission Time required Minimum = 56 hours / semester 3 A group report needs to be submitted in the post week after the third week of laboratory session. Please join the group using the following link: Telegram 2nd Year Lab 20252026-1 Home WELCOME TO THE THIRD YEAR LABORATORY WEBSITE This is the official faculty webpage for the Third Year Laboratories. This lab, Basic Microwave Laboratory was constructed under Comm Department, FKE and currently supervised by Dr. Osh Ayop and 2 others 3 1 Advanced Radio Frequency & Microwave UTM Dec 18, 2024 A visit to the RF EMC Centre Malaysia Sdn Bhd by members of the Advance RF and P24-A , Micro-Nano Mechatronics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. This lab currently supervised by Dr. Mechatronic Engineering is an engineering field which combines engineering fields such as Electronic, Electric, Mechanical, Control, Software, Computer and Information . my/home/) Muhammad Nadzir Marsono PhD PEng Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia mnadzir@utm. The teaching module is the official module for SKEE 1233 Digital Electronics Systems course at Faculty of Electrical Engineering (FKE), UTM. Please show your safety pass e-card to the respective assistant engineer prior entering the lab. Please note that failure to complete the evaluation before the due date may result in a score of zero for your peer review mark. The aim is to expose the student to some common electrical components and measuring instruments that can be used in the experiments on the electrical and electronic All courses offered by the Faculty carry credits, with some exceptions as approved by the University Senate. This lab will be attended by the second and third year student of electrical engineering, This lab provides experiments that are related to topics covered in electronic subject of code SKEE 2742 & SKEU 3741. Please choose your site:- 3rd year COMMON Lab SKEE3732 (taken in Semester 1) 3rd year SPECIALISED Lab SEEE/SEEL/SEEM 3742 (taken in Semester 2). Thus, the student will perform altogether 12 experiments in a semester. ZAHARAH BINTI JOHARI SEEE2742 (04) DR. The timetable is applied to all sections (updated 09/10/2025) Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6 Section 7 Section 8 Section 9 ALERT!! No Lab on 21 October, 24 December, and 26 December 2024 due to Deepavali and Christmas. (UTM) Ph. One (1) credit corresponds to 14 hours of lectures or 30 hours of practical sessions (such as studio work or projects) within a semester. The laboratory is equipped with all necessary equipment that supports power electronics teaching and learning List of Experiments by Laboratories for SKEE/SEEE 3732: Basic Communications Lab *Preliminary exercise [prelab] AM [labsheet] UPDATED FM [labsheet] Microprocessor Lab All Microprocessor labsheet [labsheet] Basic Control Lab Angular Speed Control [Prelab] Angular Speed Control Oct 3, 2023 · ABB ARM ROBOT - FKE UTM STUDENT LAB PRACTICAL SIMULATION ( DURING MCO) lab robotik 5 subscribers Subscribe Facilities at CMED Teaching Laboratories Teaching Laboratories at CMED (and other departments in FKE) are managed under FKE Laboratory Management Unit (UPEM), which is headed by a Laboratory Manager, assisted by 1 Assistant Engineer and a number of Technicians. my or e-syed@utm. Please select the laboratory schedule according to the course code. UTM-MIMOS Laboratory Level 5, P03, Faculty of Electrical Engineering 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia PRE-LAB PART 2: Use MULTISIM or any software of equivalence to simulate and to produce all relevant waveforms for zener voltage regulator circuit given in Pre-Lab: Zener Voltage Regulator. The students are expected to complete four experiment topics for each lab in a direct of four week duration. QUICK LINKS ELEARNING 2024/2025-2 ACADEMIC CALENDAR ALL ABOUT FKE UTM - CMED AT ROBOTIC LAB Collaborators | Faculty of Electrical Engineering UTMCollaborators Fabricating the amplifier circuit enhances learning and technical skills. The program is a four-year program completed with one year final year project. utm. Some labs require you to prepare specific hardware before the lab session. Submit the softcopy Technical Report (group report) within a week after the experiment: Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6 Section 7 Section 8 Section 9 Tools Synopsis (Design Vision, Tetramax, ICC, Prime Time, HSpice, Sentaurus) Siemens (Pyxis, Questasim, Leonardo Spectrum, Tessent DFT, Calibre) Cadence (Virtuoso, Spectre, PVS) Intel FPGA (Quartus II, Quartus prime) Xlilinx FPGA (Vivado, Vivado HL) Lattice FPGA (Radiant, Propel) Efinix (Efinity) Research Facilities Student Room Seminar Room Meeting Area Meeting Area FKM HUB Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, UTM. Briefing for 3rd Year Specialised Lab Implementation (SEEE/SEEL/SEEM3742) We will have our 1st briefing : 14 March 2025 SKEE 3732 - COMMON THIRD YEAR LAB Course Synopsis Third Year Laboratory is a required course for third year students in Bachelor of Engineering degree program. Report abuse Research Laboratory Research Laboratories at CMED (and other departments in FKE) are managed under FKE Laboratory Management Unit (UPEM), which is headed by a Laboratory Manager, assisted by 1 Assistant Engineer and a number of Technicians. The scope of research for this group covers two main areas: signal processing and image/video processing. Technicians have been positioned to ensure the smoothness of the laboratory operations. Please refer to your group code and group members below: Electrotechnics Laboratory was located under the Electrical Power Engineering Department (POWER) to provide second-year experiments especially for those taken the Electrical Power Engineering Programme. 2. The faculty has grown to become one of the centers of academician and electrical engineering experts in Malaysia with 198 academic staff whom are This lab is managed by Control And Mechatronicss Engineering Department (CMED) , FKE and currently supervised by Dr Herman Bin Wahid as Academic Laboratory Coordinator. Based on your program's laboratories, you may identify your facilitators here (click here). UTM has designed its own UTM Professional Skills Certificate (UTM PSC) programme managed by UTM Institute for Life Ready Graduate (UTM iLeague) to enhance the knowledge and skills of UTM students. ii) Tools (recommended): Cutter, Long-nose pliers iii) Printed experiment sheet (download and bring a hardcopy). Please do check your name and let me know if your name is missing from the list (UPDATED 09/10/2025) Refer the member code (M*) for peer review assessment. About Us Our group carried out various types of research on advanced simulations and analysis design, modelling and simulations advanced materials for the nano-electronics device comprises TCAD simulation, fabrication and characterization of various sensing and memory applications. DR. Upon successful completion, participants will receive an FKE Safety Pass Card, signifying their compliance with the required safety standards. Over the past 5 years, the research group has secured more than 2 million ringgit of grants from government and private sources, and The full-time programme is offered only at the UTM Main Campus in Johor Bahru, while the part-time programme is offered at various learning centres throughout Malaysia. It provides an opportunity to demonstrate the full range FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TIMETABLE FOR SEMESTER 1 SESSION 2023/2024 Radar Laboratory Electricity is the driving force behind all types of human activities, developments, and technologies. We also have expertise in reliability physics of nanoelectronics devices. 7,843 likes · 257 talking about this · 460 were here. my I am a professor of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. The group is actively involved in research in the area of power electronics static applications such as renewable/alternate energy power conditioning systems, active power filters, static var generators, battery chargers and DC power 1. Chuan Foh from University of Surrey, UK on 19th Dec, 2024. The students are grouped into 3-4 students, and they will be given problems to solve that require them to conduct experiments in-lab (3 hours/week) and out-of-lab (equivalent to 2 hour/week) within three weeks. SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING UTM JOHOR BAHRU DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LABORATORY Reference materials, i. Common Laboratories - SKEE 3732 (Semester I) Specialized Laboratories - SKEE/SKEM/SKEI/SKEL/SKET 3742 (Semester II) Advanced Microwave & Antenna ( P18-RESEARCH LABORATORY ) Equipment Portable Network Analyser (30KHz – 9GHz) Signal Generator (10MHz – 20GHz) Starting from 2025, FKE Safety Pass Card is a mandatory for all lab users before entering and using any facilities in the FKE lab. It provides students with value-added courses so that they will have a competitive edge when they enter the employment market. Common Laboratories - SKEE 3732 (Semester I) Specialized Laboratories - SKEE 3742 (Semester II) B. Medical Electronic Lab (MEP) b. The division, which currently consists of 37 academic staff members, provides teaching, research activities and engineering expertise in the related areas. This laboratory is consisted of research study area, meeting room, pantry area, teaching laboratory and experimental area. Members of the division are involved in teaching and research activities within the nanotechnology, microelectronics The Faculty of Electrical Engineering (FKE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, was established in late 1974. my How to apply This lab was constructed under ECE Department, FKE and currently supervised by Dr. ISMAHANI BTE ISMAIL DR OMAR BIN ABDUL AZIZ CO-CURRICULUM SEEE2742 (03) TS. Lecturer The Control and Mechatronics Engineering Department (CMED) is one of the largest in this region dedicated to the study of control, mechatronics, robotics and instrumentation engineering. my, nadzir@fke. 2 Gravity flow rig operation in control lab, FKE, UTMHoldings Description Similar Items Staff View Ab Al-Hadi Ab Rahman, PhD, SMIEEE, MIET, CEng, PEng 1Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Head of Research Group, 2VLSI and Embedded Computing Architecture Design (VeCAD) Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Room: VeCAD Laboratory, P04 Phone (office): The peer review assessment will be open until 30th June 2025. What is the FKE Safety Pass Program? The FKE Safety Pass Program is a mandatory initiative to ensure that all laboratory users are adequately trained in safety protocols before accessing and using any facilities within the FKE laboratories. RADAR LABORATORY was constructed under COMM Department. Bring graph paper and a laptop installed with PSPICE software. syazwani@fke. Microprocessor Lab EXPERIMENT 1 : Introduction to STM32CubeIDE and GPIO Labsheet 1 Appendix A EXPERIMENT 2 : GPIO and Interrupt Programming Labsheet 2 Page updated Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical-Mechatronics) is a program with honours that has been established and offered for more than two decades by UTM. For Basic Electronic Lab, before entering the lab, prepare: i) Breadboard – at least one per group (compulsory). Examples of linear application of op-amp are inverting amplifiers, summing amplifiers, and difference amplifiers. Copyright © 2025 | Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia This laboratory is conducted as a Project Based approach. The duration of study for the full-time programme is subjected to the student’s entry qualifications and lasts between four (4) years to a maximum of six (6) years. Hands-on experience with component selection, PCB design, and soldering provides valuable insights into electronics and circuit behavior. e. Noor Syazwani Mansor Office : P06-IVAT Email Students can refer the lab group movement and interview timetable. We also explored the electronics 3 visitors have checked in at Advanced Microprocesser Research Lab, FKE UTM. Aug 10, 2025 · SECOND YEAR LAB FKE, UTM WELCOME TO SESSION 20252026 SEMESTER I IMPORTANT MESSAGE Second Year Electronic Design Lab will commence on the 2nd week of the semester (13th October 2025) Related updates and announcement will be posted in telegram group. At present, I’m the Deputy Dean (Research, Innovation & Development) at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering. Common Laboratories - SKEE 3732 (Semester I) Specialised Laboratories - SEEE/SEEL/SEEM 3742 (Semester II) FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TIMETABLE FOR SEMESTER 1 SESSION 2023/2024 Welcome to Nanoelectronics Laboratory Nano Electronics Research laboratory which is located in level 3 P19a, Faculty of Electrical Engineering is an advanced research laboratory that is also utilized as an academic laboratory. Please check the rubrics in each form to see what to include in your technical report and how the lab work would be graded. Norjulia binti Mohamad Nordin as Lab Academic Coordinator. Bachelor of Electronics Engineering with Honours offered by School of Electrical Engineering is accredited and recognized by the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM). (UTM), M. The timetable is applied to all sections (updated 25/3/2025) Mark distribution for SKEE 2752 - Assessment Rubric Prelab = 20 In-lab activity = 40 Report = 20 Oral Interview = 15 Peer review = 5 Total = 100 The VeCAD (VLSI & Embedded Computing Architecture Design) research group focuses on domain-specific computing architecture, VLSI/SoC design, and embedded systems. As reflected by its name, this laboratory serves as a teaching laboratory for undergraduate students under the electrical power division. Facility Manager Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Darul Ta’zim, Malaysia E-mail: facilitymanager@fke. my Contact No. There are more than 50 academics staff in the division. I can be contacted at syed@fke. There are 10 laboratories equipped SKEE 3742 - Specialised ThirdYearLab Assessment SKEE 3732 - Third Year Lab (Common) SKEE 3742 - Third Year Lab (Specialized) Report abuse Page details ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY Course Code: Review Release Date Last Amendment : 7 : October 2023 : September 2023 SKEE 2752 Procedure Number : PK-UTM-FKE-(O)-08 FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA The students will attend a three hour lab per week. MOHD AZHAR BIN ABDUL RAZAK EN. teaching module and application notes that can be used as guide to perform the tasks given in the lab sheet are listed in Table D. my, michael@fke. Since 1st June 1995, the faculty commences operation at the main campus of the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in Skudai, Johor until today. Norazian Bt Ahmad have been positioned to ensure the smoothmess of the lab operations. D. qz4 pqyf kv vzdrl6 5aknh 5s0 x9lji62 4d353cvrl csetd6br yi2u8v6